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Type A behaviour pattern, extraversion, neuroticism and psychological distress.

D Cramer1

  • 1Department of Social Sciences, Loughborough University of Technology, Leicestershire, UK.

The British Journal of Medical Psychology
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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This study examined personality traits and health symptoms in a large sample. The Type A behavior pattern showed a small association with heart disease, but was distinct from other psychological distress factors.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Health Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The Type A behavior pattern is a construct associated with cardiovascular risk.
  • Understanding the structure of psychological distress and its relationship with behavior patterns is crucial for health research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the factorial structure of the Framingham Type A Scale, General Health Questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Inventory, and a physical symptoms checklist.
  • To investigate the relationship between the Type A behavior pattern and other psychological distress variables, as well as self-reported coronary heart disease.

Main Methods:

  • Factor analysis was used to analyze data from a nationally representative sample of 3065 women and 2520 men.
  • Orthogonal rotation was applied to six principal components extracted from 116 items.

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  • Correlations were calculated between Type A behavior, psychological distress measures, and self-reported coronary heart disease.

    • Main Results:

    • Six principal components emerged, corresponding to psychological distress, neuroticism, symptoms, extraversion, the Lie scale, and the Type A behavior pattern.
    • Type A behavior was positively correlated with neuroticism, psychological distress, extraversion, and symptoms.
    • The Type A behavior pattern was not found to be subsumed under other psychological variables.
    • A small positive association was observed between Type A behavior and self-reported coronary heart disease in men, with stronger correlations for psychological distress, neuroticism, and symptoms.

    Conclusions:

    • The study confirmed the distinctiveness of the Type A behavior pattern from other measures of psychological distress.
    • While Type A behavior shows a slight association with coronary heart disease, other psychological factors like distress and neuroticism appear more strongly related.