Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Maximal parathyroid gland diameter as a predictive factor for autograft-dependent recurrent secondary hyperparathyroidism after total parathyroidectomy.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2023
Same author

Treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism focusing on parathyroidectomy.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2023
Same author

Intraoperative intact parathyroid hormone monitoring and frozen section diagnosis are essential for successful parathyroidectomy in secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Frontiers in medicine·2022
Same author

Renal hyperparathyroidism.

Vitamins and hormones·2022
Same author

Elevated parathyroid hormone one year after kidney transplantation is an independent risk factor for graft loss even without hypercalcemia.

BMC nephrology·2022
Same author

Preservation of the nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve using intraoperative nerve monitoring during endoscopic thyroidectomy.

Asian journal of endoscopic surgery·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
03:57

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Published on: July 14, 2023

[Secondary osteoporosis UPDATE. Primary hyperparathyroidism].

Yoshihiro Tominaga1

  • 1Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Transplant and Endocrine Surgery, Nagoya Second Red Cross Hospital.

Clinical Calcium
|May 7, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Parathyroidectomy can improve bone density and reduce fracture risk in patients with mild primary hyperparathyroidism. This surgery is recommended even for asymptomatic cases to enhance bone health.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Surgical Oncology

Context:

  • Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) can negatively impact bone health even in mild, asymptomatic cases.
  • Subtle bone density reduction and elevated fracture risk are associated with mild PHPT.
  • International guidelines now recommend surgical intervention for specific PHPT indications.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the benefits of parathyroidectomy in patients with asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism.
  • To determine if surgical intervention can improve bone status and reduce fracture risk in mild PHPT.
  • To highlight the role of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy guided by advanced localization techniques.

Summary:

  • Even mild primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) without classic symptoms like kidney stones or bone disease affects bone density and increases fracture risk.

More Related Videos

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
07:12

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
03:57

Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy

Published on: July 14, 2023

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
07:12

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging

Published on: August 17, 2022

  • Parathyroidectomy has been shown to improve bone status and reduce fracture risk in patients with asymptomatic PHPT.
  • Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy, utilizing non-invasive localization (ultrasound, sestamibi scan) and intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay, is a successful approach.

    • Impact:

    • Recommends parathyroidectomy for asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism to prevent bone loss and fractures.
    • Supports the use of minimally invasive surgical techniques for improved patient outcomes.
    • Highlights the importance of addressing even subclinical endocrine disorders affecting bone health.