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Related Concept Videos

Protein Glycosylation01:25

Protein Glycosylation

Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
Proteoglycans01:05

Proteoglycans

Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins01:21

Matrix Proteoglycans and Glycoproteins

Proteoglycans are extensively glycosylated proteins, commonly found in the extracellular matrix, interwoven with collagen fibers. Hyaline cartilage, the most common type of cartilage in the body, consists of short and dispersed collagen fibers associated with large amounts of proteoglycans. These proteoglycans have long negative charges that attract cations, which in turn attract water molecules. This influx of ions and water molecules swells up the proteoglycan like a water-soaked gel that can...
Glycocalyx and its Functions01:14

Glycocalyx and its Functions

The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich, fuzzy-appearing layer on the outer surface of the cell membrane. It is highly hydrophilic, because of this it attracts large amounts of water to the cell's surface. This aids the cell's interaction with the watery environment and also helps it to obtain substances dissolved in the water. It is also important for cell identification, self/non-self determination, and embryonic development and is used in cell-to-cell attachments to form tissues.
Components of...
Glycosaminoglycans01:23

Glycosaminoglycans

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), also known as mucopolysaccharides, are long and linear polymers comprising of specific repeating disaccharides - the amino sugar that can be N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine, and a uronic acid that is usually glucuronic acid or iduronic acid.
GAGS are found in the extracellular matrix of vertebrates, invertebrates, and bacteria. Due to their polar nature they attract water, and serve as excellent lubricants or shock absorbers in an animal body.
Hyaluronic...

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Glycomics-Guided Glycoproteomics Facilitates Comprehensive Profiling of the Glycoproteome in Complex Tumor Microenvironments
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Glycomics-Guided Glycoproteomics Facilitates Comprehensive Profiling of the Glycoproteome in Complex Tumor Microenvironments

Published on: February 7, 2025

Proteoglycomics: recent progress and future challenges.

Mellisa Ly1, Tatiana N Laremore, Robert J Linhardt

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA.

Omics : a Journal of Integrative Biology
|May 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proteoglycomics, the study of proteoglycans, requires unique methods to understand their structure and function. This review covers proteoglycan roles in health and disease, and analytical challenges.

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Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions
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Glycomics-Guided Glycoproteomics Facilitates Comprehensive Profiling of the Glycoproteome in Complex Tumor Microenvironments
10:59

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Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions
11:21

Bioinformatics Resources for the Study of Glycan-Mediated Protein Interactions

Published on: January 20, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Glycoscience

Background:

  • Proteoglycans are crucial post-translationally modified proteins involved in development, physiology, and disease.
  • Proteoglycomics integrates proteomics and glycomics but needs specialized techniques for proteoglycan analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of proteoglycan structure and function.
  • To outline proteoglycomic sample preparation and analysis methods.
  • To highlight challenges and tools for characterizing the glycosaminoglycan component.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on proteoglycomics.
  • Discussion of analytical techniques for proteoglycan core proteins and glycosaminoglycan chains.
  • Case studies of recent proteoglycomic research.

Main Results:

  • Proteoglycans play significant roles in biological processes and disease pathogenesis.
  • Unique analytical approaches are necessary for comprehensive proteoglycan characterization.
  • Various tools exist for analyzing proteoglycans, each with specific information outputs.

Conclusions:

  • Proteoglycomics is essential for understanding proteoglycan roles in biological systems.
  • Further development of analytical methods is needed to overcome characterization challenges.
  • This field offers insights into development, physiology, and disease states.