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Published on: July 9, 2014
Post-varicella thrombocytopenic purpura
Achiya Amir1, Oded Gilad, Joanne Yacobovich
1Department of Pediatrics B, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqwa, Israel.
Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|May 12, 2010
Summary
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) following varicella infection presents similarly to other ITP cases. The risk of developing ITP after varicella is approximately 1 in 25,000.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelet counts.
- Varicella (chickenpox) infection is common in childhood and can be associated with various complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the clinical course of post-varicella ITP in children.
- To assess the risk of developing ITP subsequent to varicella infection.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of pediatric ITP cases at a tertiary medical center (1998-2008).
- Comparison with the Intercontinental Childhood ITP Study Group database.
- Calculation of ITP incidence following varicella infection.
Main Results:
- Ten children with post-varicella ITP were identified; incidence was 1.9% among ITP cases and 1.1% among varicella hospitalizations.
- Diagnosis occurred ~8.5 days post-rash onset, with a median minimal platelet count of 9.5 × 10⁹/L.
- 80% had acute ITP, 20% chronic; varicella caused relapse in 71% of chronic ITP patients but not acute.
Conclusions:
- Post-varicella ITP shares clinical features and disease course with non-varicella associated ITP.
- The estimated risk of ITP as a complication of varicella infection is approximately 1:25,000.
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