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The evolution of host-parasite range.

A Best1, A White, E Kisdi

  • 1Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, England, United Kingdom. a.best@shef.ac.uk

The American Naturalist
|May 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models host-parasite coevolution, showing how relative infectivity and resistance drive diversity. Broad and narrow parasite and host ranges coexist due to epidemiological feedbacks, maintaining variation without specific gene interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Epidemiology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Coevolution of hosts and parasites is crucial for understanding biological variation.
  • Existing models often focus on specific gene interactions or absolute transmission rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a coevolutionary model where infection depends on relative, not absolute, host-parasite traits.
  • To explore mechanisms generating and maintaining diversity in host-parasite systems.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a coevolutionary model with all-or-nothing infection dynamics based on relative infectivity and resistance.
  • Analyzed epidemiological feedbacks and their impact on strain diversity.

Main Results:

  • Significant diversity in infectivity and resistance ranges evolves and is maintained from initially uniform populations.
  • Coexistence of parasites with broad and narrow infection ranges, and hosts with broad and narrow resistance.
  • Diversity generation is influenced by trade-off shapes, host longevity, and disease chronicity.

Conclusions:

  • Relative infectivity and resistance dynamics, coupled with epidemiological feedbacks, are sufficient to generate substantial host-parasite diversity.
  • This model offers an alternative to gene-for-gene explanations for maintaining variation in natural populations.