Speech Reorganization after an AVM Bleed Cured by Embolization. A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Intracerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are defined as the direct communication of arteries to abnormal veins without interposing capillaries. Although AVMs can have various clinical presentations due to their dynamic nature, the most common presenting sign is intracerebral hemorrhage. Whenever an AVM is discovered, the therapeutic choice is often not obvious and it is influenced not only by the hemodynamic features of the AVM, but also by considerations of the extent of intervention-related morbidity and mortality. A patient with a left frontal AVM is described. He bled three years after gamma knife radiosurgery and developed aphasia. The complete obliteration of the AVM was later achieved by embolization. Functional compensatory brain reorganization and plasticity is discussed, since our patient presented with a fast recovery from aphasia and unexpected contralateral redistribution of the speech function and with preference for his second spoken language.