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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
10:27

Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

Published on: December 15, 2011

Neurodermatitis: what is it?

S J Wine, S Steinberg

    Canadian Family Physician Medecin De Famille Canadien
    |May 15, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Neurodermatitis, a skin condition characterized by localized, itchy, lichenified patches, is often misdiagnosed due to its association with anxiety. This study clarifies its intended definition, appearance, and management.

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    Cutaneous Surgical Denervation: A Method for Testing the Requirement for Nerves in Mouse Models of Skin Disease
    08:01

    Cutaneous Surgical Denervation: A Method for Testing the Requirement for Nerves in Mouse Models of Skin Disease

    Published on: June 26, 2016

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    Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

    Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis
    10:27

    Recognition of Epidermal Transglutaminase by IgA and Tissue Transglutaminase 2 Antibodies in a Rare Case of Rhesus Dermatitis

    Published on: December 15, 2011

    Cutaneous Surgical Denervation: A Method for Testing the Requirement for Nerves in Mouse Models of Skin Disease
    08:01

    Cutaneous Surgical Denervation: A Method for Testing the Requirement for Nerves in Mouse Models of Skin Disease

    Published on: June 26, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Psychocutaneous Medicine

    Background:

    • The term 'neurodermatitis' is frequently misused for any skin eruption linked to anxiety, diminishing its diagnostic specificity.
    • Historically, neurodermatitis specifically described localized, circumscribed, lichenified skin patches accompanied by intense itching.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To re-establish the precise definition and diagnostic criteria for neurodermatitis.
    • To provide a clear understanding of its clinical presentation, differential diagnoses, prognosis, and appropriate management strategies.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review and clinical case analysis to delineate the original concept of neurodermatitis.
    • Comparative analysis with other dermatological conditions that present with similar symptoms.

    Main Results:

    • Neurodermatitis is characterized by well-defined, thickened, itchy skin lesions, often in accessible areas.
    • Misdiagnosis can lead to ineffective treatments and prolonged patient suffering.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate diagnosis of neurodermatitis is crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes.
    • Distinguishing neurodermatitis from other conditions requires a thorough understanding of its specific etiology and morphology.