Multiple mycotic aneurysms due to penicillin nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae solved with endovascular repair

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Cardiovascular Surgery
• Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Mycotic aneurysms are rare but life-threatening infections of arterial walls.
• Streptococcus pneumoniae, particularly penicillin-nonsusceptible strains, can cause mycotic aneurysms.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for patient survival.

Observation:

• An 83-year-old female presented with pneumonia.
• Three months post-pneumonia, she developed multiple sacular mycotic aneurysms.
• The causative agent was identified as penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Findings:

• Successful management involved a combination of targeted antibiotic therapy and endovascular repair.
• This approach addressed both the infection and the structural arterial damage.
• The patient achieved a successful outcome with this multimodal strategy.

Implications:

• Highlights the importance of considering resistant bacteria in mycotic aneurysm etiology.
• Demonstrates the efficacy of combined antibiotic and endovascular treatment for complex cases.
• Emphasizes the need for vigilance in patients with prior infections and risk factors for aneurysms.