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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase of...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
14:39

Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples

Published on: April 21, 2014

[Secondary repolarization changes in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy].

E V Blinova, G V Riabykina, T A Sakhnova

    Terapevticheskii Arkhiv
    |May 21, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Nonspecific repolarization changes, a sign of severe cardiac issues in arterial hypertension (AH) patients, were detected in 26% of cases. These changes correlate with cardiovascular risk factors and left ventricular hypertrophy.

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    Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
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    Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

    Published on: December 11, 2017

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

    Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
    14:39

    Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples

    Published on: April 21, 2014

    Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing
    12:45

    Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

    Published on: December 11, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Arterial hypertension (AH) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
    • Electrocardiographic (ECG) findings can indicate cardiac strain and damage in hypertensive patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of tension-type syndrome and nonspecific repolarization changes in patients with arterial hypertension.
    • To explore associations between these ECG findings and clinical parameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of ECGs from 234 patients with arterial hypertension.
    • Consideration of blood pressure elevation, cardiovascular risk, hypertensive disease grade, coronary heart disease (CHD), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) criteria.

    Main Results:

    • Tension-type syndrome detected in 7% and nonspecific repolarization changes in 26% of patients.
    • Repolarization changes were linked to CHD in women, and to blood pressure, cardiovascular risk, hypertensive disease, and LVH in all patients.

    Conclusions:

    • Ventricular repolarization changes in AH patients signify significant cardiac damage.
    • These findings necessitate careful clinical evaluation and management.