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The components of kin competition.

J David Van Dyken¹

¹Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA. jdvandyk@indiana.edu

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution

|May 21, 2010

Summary

Kin competition significantly impacts evolution in structured populations. Life cycle and demographic factors, quantified by kin competition (α), determine the extent of altruism and evolutionary trajectories.

Area of Science:

Evolutionary biology
Population genetics
Theoretical ecology

Background:

Kin competition is a known factor influencing evolution in structured populations.
The ecological and demographic drivers of kin competition, and the role of life cycles, remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To derive a general equation for evolution in structured populations incorporating arbitrary kin competition.
To quantify the role of life cycle and demographic assumptions in kin selection models.

Main Methods:

Utilized the multilevel Price equation.
Derived a general equation partitioning selection and demographic effects.
Quantified kin competition (α) as a function of life cycle and demographic parameters.

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Main Results:

Developed a general equation for kin competition, encompassing previous models.
Showed that life cycle and demographic assumptions influence the permissiveness of altruism.
Identified life cycle invariant conditions and provided closed-form results for Hamilton's rule in a three-stage life cycle.
Demonstrated that under the infinite island model, α disentangles density regulation and dispersal.

Conclusions:

Life cycle plays a crucial role in modulating kin selection and altruism.
Demographic conditions can lead to life cycle invariant evolutionary outcomes.
Population viscosity does not inherently hinder kin selection.