Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Bacterial Meningitis01:24

Bacterial Meningitis

Bacterial meningitis is a severe infectious disease involving inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It occurs when pathogenic bacteria cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. Common causative organisms include Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli K1. The exact route of entry varies by pathogen and host condition.Routes of Entry...
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology

Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Insights into clinician utilisation and perceptions of the Paediatric Improvement Collaborative Clinical Practice Guidelines: a mixed-methods study.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Protecting travellers from vaccine-preventable diseases.

Australian journal of general practice·2025
Same author

Towards national paediatric clinical practice guidelines.

The Medical journal of Australia·2024
Same author

Towards national paediatric clinical practice guidelines.

The Medical journal of Australia·2024
Same author

Caring for the child traveler: Results of a practice gaps and educational needs survey.

Travel medicine and infectious disease·2020
Same author

Back to school: Safe for children with underlying medical conditions.

Australian journal of general practice·2020
Same journal

Occupational violence and staff safety in general practice.

Australian family physician·2018
Same journal

You should get that mole checked out: Ethical and legal considerations of the unsolicited clinical opinion.

Australian family physician·2018
Same journal

Understanding the decision to commence a dose administration aid.

Australian family physician·2018
Same journal

Psychological distress and risky sexual behaviours among women aged 16-25 years in Victoria, Australia.

Australian family physician·2018
Same journal

A mixed-methods feasibility study of routinely weighing patients in general practice to aid weight management.

Australian family physician·2018
Same journal

The Australian Mid-West Coastal Marine Wound Infections Study.

Australian family physician·2018
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery
10:03

Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery

Published on: November 5, 2019

Meningococcal sepsis.

Shabna Rajapaksa1, Mike Starr

  • 1Emergency Department, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. shabnarajapaksa@doctors.net.uk

Australian Family Physician
|May 21, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Meningococcal disease is a serious illness with a high mortality rate. Early recognition of nonspecific symptoms and prompt antibiotic treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in primary care.

More Related Videos

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
11:40

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature

Published on: April 1, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery
10:03

Inducing Meningococcal Meningitis Serogroup C in Mice via Intracisternal Delivery

Published on: November 5, 2019

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature
11:40

Humanized Mouse Model to Study Bacterial Infections Targeting the Microvasculature

Published on: April 1, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Meningococcal disease poses a significant health threat with an 8% mortality rate.
  • Most fatalities occur within 24 hours, often before specialized medical care is initiated.
  • Healthcare providers frequently express concern about misdiagnosing meningococcal disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a guide for identifying key features of meningococcal sepsis.
  • To outline initial management strategies for meningococcal sepsis in primary care settings.

Main Methods:

  • This article synthesizes current clinical guidelines and expert recommendations.
  • It focuses on the recognition of characteristic signs and symptoms.
  • It details immediate management steps applicable in a primary care environment.

Main Results:

  • Meningococcal disease often presents with nonspecific symptoms like fever, lethargy, myalgia, vomiting, and headache.
  • A high index of suspicion is essential for early diagnosis in children.
  • The development of a non-blanching rash necessitates immediate intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition of nonspecific symptoms and careful monitoring are vital.
  • Immediate treatment, including intravenous antibiotics (preferably cephalosporin), is required before hospital transfer.
  • Urgent hospital transfer and liaison with pediatric intensive care units are critical for severe cases.