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Teratogenicity

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

Ovarian Cycle

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair growth — and...

Equilibrium and Balance

Equilibrium and Balance

The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and the...

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

[Pregnancy and travelling].

Vedran Stefanovic¹, Heli Siikamäki, Anu Kantele

¹HYKS:n naistenklinikka, PL 140, 00029 HYKS.

Duodecim; Laaketieteellinen Aikakauskirja

|May 22, 2010

Summary

Healthy pregnant women can generally travel safely, but should plan ahead for vaccines, medications, and insurance. Consult a doctor for pre-existing conditions or pregnancy complications, and be aware of airline travel restrictions during advanced pregnancy.

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Travel Medicine
Public Health

Context:

Assesses the safety of international travel for pregnant women.
Highlights considerations for pre-existing conditions and pregnancy complications.
Addresses travel restrictions during advanced pregnancy.

Purpose:

To provide guidance on safe travel practices for pregnant women.
To outline necessary precautions, including vaccinations and medical consultations.
To inform about risks associated with long flights and specific destinations.

Summary:

Healthy pregnant women can travel, but require advance planning for vaccines, medications, and insurance.
Medical consultation is crucial for those with chronic diseases or pregnancy complications.

More Related Videos

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Published on: June 18, 2013

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Published on: August 4, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Published on: June 18, 2013

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Ear Plaster Therapy as a Safe and Effective Treatment for Gestational Vomiting

Published on: August 4, 2023

Low molecular weight heparin can prevent deep vein thrombosis on long flights; malaria chemoprophylaxis is essential for at-risk areas. Killed vaccines are safe, but live attenuated vaccines are not recommended.

Impact:

Empowers pregnant women and healthcare providers with information for safe travel decisions.
Aims to reduce travel-related health risks during pregnancy.
Contributes to informed choices regarding vaccinations and preventative measures for pregnant travelers.