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Related Concept Videos

Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
Clipper Circuit01:18

Clipper Circuit

A clipper circuit is a fundamental wave-shaping device that harnesses the unique properties of diodes to alter and control waveform characteristics. This technology is widely used in electronic devices, especially in television and radar communication systems, where it enhances waveform modulation in both transmitters and receivers.
The operation of a clipper circuit can be exemplified by analyzing a dual-clipper configuration setup that integrates two ideal diodes, each paired with a biasing...
Bandpass Sampling01:17

Bandpass Sampling

In signal processing, bandpass sampling is an effective technique for sampling signals that have most of their energy concentrated within a narrow frequency band. This type of signal is known as a bandpass signal. The key principle of bandpass sampling involves sampling the signal at a rate that is greater than twice the signal's bandwidth to prevent aliasing.
A bandpass signal has a spectrum with a lower frequency limit, denoted as ω1, and an upper frequency limit, denoted as ω2. The spectrum...
Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff frequency...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Multiplex Chemical Imaging Based on Broadband Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
09:57

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Published on: July 25, 2022

Guided-wave multi/demultiplexers with high stopband rejection.

K Imoto, H Sano, M Miyazaki

    Applied Optics
    |May 22, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed a new optical device using high-silica waveguides for high stopband rejection. This wavelength division multiplexing device offers high reliability for telecommunication applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Photonics
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Guided-wave devices are crucial for optical communication systems.
    • Efficient multiplexing and demultiplexing are essential for increasing data transmission capacity.
    • Existing devices often face challenges with stopband rejection and reliability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel guided-wave multi/demultiplexer with enhanced stopband rejection.
    • To investigate the fabrication process for high-silica embedded channel waveguides.
    • To explore potential applications in telecommunications and optical modules.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication using high-silica embedded channel waveguides.
    • Utilizing a structure with three cascaded directional couplers.

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  • Employing low-temperature chemical vapor deposition (CVD), lithography, and reactive ion etching.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved high stopband rejection, suppressing undesired optical signals effectively.
    • Demonstrated a novel device structure with cascaded directional couplers.
    • Successfully fabricated the optical device using established microfabrication techniques.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed guided-wave multi/demultiplexer offers superior performance in stopband rejection.
    • The device is suitable for high-reliability fail-safe modules and two-way repeater transmission modules.
    • Potential applications in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems and beyond.