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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...

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Related Experiment Videos

Tomato Lycopene and Inflammatory Cascade: Basic Interactions and Clinical Implications

P Palozza1, N Parrone, A Catalano

  • 1Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University, School of Medicine, Lgo F. Vito, 1 00168 Rome, Italy. p.palozza@rm.unicatt.it

Current Medicinal Chemistry
|May 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tomato lycopene offers health benefits by reducing inflammation. This review explores how lycopene (a carotenoid) modulates inflammatory pathways and cell signaling, supporting its potential as a preventive agent.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Lycopene, a carotenoid in tomatoes, is linked to cardiovascular and cancer prevention.
  • The precise mechanisms behind lycopene's health benefits are not fully understood.
  • Inflammation is a key factor in many chronic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of tomato lycopene.
  • To explore lycopene's effects on inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways.
  • To assess lycopene's role in various biological systems and clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lycopene's anti-inflammatory effects.
  • Analysis of studies involving isolated cells, animal models, and human clinical trials.
  • Focus on molecular mechanisms, including signaling pathways and immune cell modulation.

Main Results:

  • Lycopene down-regulates inflammatory responses by reducing reactive oxygen species.
  • It inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulates enzymes like cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase.
  • Lycopene influences signaling pathways such as Nuclear Factor-kB (NF-kB), Activated protein-1 (AP-1), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).
  • Evidence suggests lycopene induces programmed cell death in activated immune cells.

Conclusions:

  • Tomato lycopene exhibits significant anti-inflammatory properties through multiple molecular mechanisms.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for evaluating lycopene's therapeutic potential.
  • Further research into dosage and biological context is needed to optimize its use.