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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise

Assessing Human Spatial Navigation in a Virtual Space and its Sensitivity to Exercise

Published on: January 26, 2024

Impaired spatial working memory maintenance in schizophrenia involves both spatial coordinates and spatial reference

Shahrzad Mazhari¹, Johanna C Badcock, Flavie A Waters

¹Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, Mt Claremont, WA 6010, Perth, Australia. Mazhas01@student.uwa.edu.au

Psychiatry Research

|May 25, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Schizophrenia patients show impaired spatial working memory (SWM) maintenance over time, with significant accuracy loss between 0-2 second delays. They also struggle to use vertical reference frames for memory tasks.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychiatry

Background:

Spatial working memory (SWM) dysfunction is a key feature of schizophrenia.
Further research is needed to understand SWM maintenance deficits over time.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate SWM maintenance over short, unfilled delays in schizophrenia.
To examine the role of a vertical reference frame in supporting SWM maintenance.
To equate encoding conditions between patients and controls.

Main Methods:

Assessed 58 schizophrenia patients and 50 healthy controls using the Visuo-Spatial Working Memory (VSWM) Test.
Evaluated performance across three unfilled delay durations: 0, 2, and 4 seconds.
Analyzed inaccuracy in direction and distance responses, and response variability at the vertical axis of symmetry.

Main Results:

Schizophrenia patients demonstrated significantly less accurate distance and direction responses at 2s and 4s delays compared to controls.
Performance did not differ between groups at the 0s delay.
A marked decline in accuracy occurred between 0-2s delays in patients.
Schizophrenia participants showed greater response variability at the vertical axis of symmetry at 2s and 4s delays.

Conclusions:

Schizophrenia is associated with impaired SWM maintenance over time.
Patients with schizophrenia experience difficulties utilizing a vertical reference frame for spatial memory.
These difficulties may stem from dysfunctional reference-related inhibition.