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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
The Aorta01:14

The Aorta

The aorta is the largest artery in the human body. It originates from the left ventricle of the heart and extends down to the abdomen, where it splits into two smaller arteries. Structurally, it can be divided into four main parts: the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, the thoracic aorta, and the abdominal aorta.
The average diameter of the aorta is approximately 2-3 cm, but the size can vary depending on the section of the aorta and the individual's age, sex, and body size. The aorta is...
Thoracic Aorta01:15

Thoracic Aorta

The thoracic section of the aorta begins at the T5 vertebra and extends to the T12 level at the diaphragm, initially progressing through the mediastinum to the left of the spinal column. Throughout its course in the thoracic segment, the thoracic aorta emits various offshoots known collectively as visceral and parietal branches. The branches that predominantly supply blood to visceral organs are termed visceral branches and include bronchial, pericardial, esophageal, and mediastinal arteries,...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
The Arch of Aorta01:10

The Arch of Aorta

The coronary arteries, originating from the ascending aorta, bifurcate from two sinuses located within the ascending aorta. Positioned just above the aortic semilunar valve, these sinuses house essential aortic baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, crucial for maintaining cardiac function. The left coronary artery and the right coronary artery branch off from the left posterior and anterior aortic sinuses, respectively.
Encircling the heart, the coronary arteries form a ring-like structure before...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...

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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Aortic root dimensions in elite athletes.

Antonello D'Andrea1, Rosangela Cocchia, Lucia Riegler

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. antonellodandrea@libero.it

The American Journal of Cardiology
|May 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elite strength-trained athletes show larger aortic root dimensions compared to endurance athletes. However, significant aortic dilation and regurgitation are rare in these top performers.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Cardiac adaptation to sports is well-documented.
  • The impact of elite training on aortic root dimensions is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate aortic root diameters in elite athletes.
  • To compare aortic dimensions between endurance-trained and strength-trained athletes.

Main Methods:

  • Transthoracic echocardiography in 615 elite athletes (370 endurance, 245 strength).
  • Measurement of aortic diameters at four locations.
  • Analysis of left ventricular parameters and aortic regurgitation.

Main Results:

  • Strength-trained athletes had significantly greater aortic root diameters at all measured levels.
  • No significant difference in left ventricular mass index or ejection fraction.
  • Ascending aorta dilation and aortic regurgitation were uncommon (1% and 3.4%, respectively).
  • Body surface area, training type/duration, and LV end-systolic stress predicted aortic root diameter.

Conclusions:

  • Elite strength training is associated with larger aortic root dimensions.
  • Significant aortic dilation and regurgitation are rare in elite athletes.
  • Further research may explore long-term cardiovascular implications.