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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
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Central trigeminal involvement in multiple sclerosis using high-resolution MRI at 3 T.

R J Mills1, C A Young, E T Smith

  • 1The Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Departments of Neurology, Liverpool L9 7LJ, UK. rjm@crazydiamond.co.uk

The British Journal of Radiology
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High-resolution MRI reveals trigeminal nerve abnormalities in 23% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, a higher prevalence than previously detected. These MRI findings did not correlate with reported trigeminal symptoms in the study.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Trigeminal neuralgia and sensory disturbances are frequent in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Conventional MRI detects trigeminal nerve signal abnormalities in only ~3% of MS patients.
  • High-resolution imaging may improve detection rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of trigeminal lesions in MS using high-resolution 3T MRI.
  • To investigate the correlation between trigeminal MRI findings and clinical symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-seven MS patients underwent 3T MRI with high-resolution T2 TSE, T2 FLAIR, and T1 IR sequences.
  • Coronal plane imaging with 1mm contiguous slices and 0.5mm x 0.5mm in-plane resolution was used.
  • Images were reviewed by a neurologist and neuroradiologist; clinical trigeminal symptoms were recorded.

Main Results:

  • High signal abnormalities in the trigeminal nerve or root entry zone were detected in 11 out of 47 patients (23%).
  • These MRI findings were significantly more prevalent than reported in previous literature.
  • No correlation was found between the presence of trigeminal MRI abnormalities and reported clinical symptoms (p=1.000).

Conclusions:

  • High-resolution 3T MRI significantly increases the detection rate of trigeminal abnormalities in MS patients.
  • The study highlights a high prevalence of subclinical trigeminal nerve involvement in MS.
  • MRI-detected trigeminal lesions do not necessarily manifest as clinical symptoms in MS.