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Related Concept Videos

Larynx01:21

Larynx

The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...
Pharynx01:20

Pharynx

The pharynx, a tubular structure framed by skeletal muscle and lined with mucous membrane, extends continuously from the nasal cavities. It is segmented into three major areas: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Nasopharynx
The nasopharynx, bordered by the conchae of the nasal cavity, serves exclusively as an air conduit. In its superior region, the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids are located. These tonsils are clusters of lymphoid reticular tissue akin to a lymph node. The precise...
The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract01:29

Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract

The upper respiratory tract plays a vital role in the respiratory system, comprising several structures that facilitate air intake and prepare air for the lungs. It also serves as the first line of defense against pathogens and particles. This tract includes the nose and nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the paranasal sinuses, and the pharynx, each with specific functions and features.
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract.
Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract01:31

Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract

The lower respiratory tract is anatomically composed of several vital structures, including the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. Each component has a specific function, and all are intricately connected to ensure efficient respiration.
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
Trachea01:22

Trachea

The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Hemi-laryngeal Setup for Studying Vocal Fold Vibration in Three Dimensions
10:13

Hemi-laryngeal Setup for Studying Vocal Fold Vibration in Three Dimensions

Published on: November 25, 2017

Low lying larynx.

Revadi Govindaraju1, Raman Rajagopalan, Rahmat Omar

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. grevadi@gmail.com

Congenital Anomalies
|May 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This case study details a rare congenital laryngotracheal anomaly in a teenager, presenting with voice changes and a neck lump. The anomaly, likely due to embryological defects, involves a descended larynx, low-lying thyroid/hyoid, and absent cervical esophagus/trachea.

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Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
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Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Hemi-laryngeal Setup for Studying Vocal Fold Vibration in Three Dimensions
10:13

Hemi-laryngeal Setup for Studying Vocal Fold Vibration in Three Dimensions

Published on: November 25, 2017

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory
07:30

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory

Published on: March 18, 2020

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
07:45

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

Published on: December 1, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Embryology
  • Pediatric Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Congenital anomalies of the upper airway are uncommon.
  • Laryngotracheal anomalies can present with diverse symptoms, often related to airway obstruction or voice changes.
  • Understanding embryological development is crucial for diagnosing rare malformations.

Observation:

  • A teenager presented with acquired voice alteration and a palpable neck mass.
  • Clinical examination and investigations revealed a hyperdescended larynx.
  • Associated findings included a low-lying thyroid gland and hyoid bone, with an absent cervical esophageal and tracheal segment.

Findings:

  • The anomaly manifested during puberty, coinciding with thyroid cartilage development.
  • A rare congenital malformation involving the larynx, trachea, and esophagus was diagnosed.
  • This represents the third reported case of this specific laryngotracheal anomaly.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering rare congenital anomalies in adolescents with unexplained symptoms.
  • Embryological defects in laryngotracheal and esophageal development are implicated.
  • Further research into the etiology and management of such rare conditions is warranted.