[Living with bladder exstrophy - the patients' perspective]

Bladder exstrophy (BE) is a rare but severe urogenital malformation that requires complex clinical management. It can lead to physical restriction as well as to psychosocial and psychosexual malfunction. For the first time, this qualitative study describes the experiences of persons living with BE from childhood into adulthood. The primary goal was to explore the experiences of persons with BE in order to optimise treatment, care and counselling at the children hospital in Zurich. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 4 women and 16 men (38 to 68 years). Using content analysis techniques, three major categories with two respectively four and five subcategories emerged from the data. The first category "having a good life despite BE" describes the perception of the affected persons to lead a life worth living despite BE. It was categorised by episodes and experiences that were repeated throughout the persons' life, such as "being in hospital", "living with symptoms", "being different", "showing oneself" and "gathering information". The second category "the affected ones" demonstrated that "parents" and "partners" were affected too and provided considerable support to the person with BE. The third category "the influencing factors" revealed that the perception of living with BE was influenced by individual and contextual factors. The results of this study illustrated that persons with BE can live a good life, despite repeated health-related challenges, if the support provided by their caregivers permits a positive attitude towards their illness. For this, patients with BE and their family members require continuous and highly competent treatment, care and education by an interdisciplinary team.