Pictorial essay: imaging of peripheral nerve sheath tumours

Peripheral nerve sheath tumours (PNST) may be benign or malignant. Benign PNSTs include neurofibroma and schwannoma. Neurogenic tumours share certain characteristic imaging features, suggested by a fusiform-shaped mass with tapered ends, the "split-fat" sign, atrophy of the muscles supplied by the involved nerve, the "fascicular sign," and the "target sign"; these imaging features are best demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging. This pictorial essay emphasizes the characteristic signs and distinguishing features of PNSTs on imaging.