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Directed Cellular Self-Assembly to Fabricate Cell-Derived Tissue Rings for Biomechanical Analysis and Tissue Engineering
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Published on: November 25, 2011

Directed self-assembly of a ring-in-ring complex.

Ross S Forgan1, Douglas C Friedman, Charlotte L Stern

  • 1Center for the Chemistry of Integrated Systems, Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|June 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Modifying palladium-containing cyclophanes alters their assembly with crown ethers. Masking hydrogen bonds favors ring-in-ring complexes over competing catenanes.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Cyclophanes are versatile macrocyclic hosts capable of molecular recognition.
  • Palladium(II)-containing cyclophanes offer unique electronic properties for host-guest complexation.
  • Aromatic crown ethers are well-established guests in supramolecular chemistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of strategic modifications to cyclophane ligands on self-assembly processes.
  • To explore the competition between different assembly motifs, specifically ring-in-ring complexes and catenanes.
  • To understand the role of hydrogen bonding in directing supramolecular architectures.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of modified palladium(II)-containing, electron-poor cyclophanes.
  • Spectroscopic and crystallographic analysis of cyclophane-crown ether assemblies.
  • Comparative studies of assemblies with intact versus masked hydrogen bond donor ligands.

Main Results:

  • Strategic modification of corner ligands in Pd(II)-cyclophanes significantly influences assembly behavior.
  • The formation of thermodynamically favored ring-in-ring complexes can be promoted.
  • Masking hydrogen bond donor capabilities of the cyclophane ligands overrides competing [3]catenane formation.

Conclusions:

  • Ligand design in cyclophanes is crucial for controlling supramolecular assembly outcomes.
  • Hydrogen bonding plays a key role in dictating the topology of self-assembled structures.
  • This work provides a strategy for selectively forming desired supramolecular architectures.