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Related Concept Videos

Yellow Fever01:18

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever is a viral hemorrhagic disease caused by the yellow fever virus (YFV), a member of the Flaviviridae family. It is transmitted primarily by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and South America. After transmission through a mosquito bite, the virus initially replicates in skin-resident immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages. These cells then migrate to the lymph nodes, where viral replication increases, eventually leading to...
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
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Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...

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A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease
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A Murine Model of Dengue Virus-induced Acute Viral Encephalitis-like Disease

Published on: April 28, 2019

Dengue virus.

Ted M Ross1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. tmr15@pitt.edu <tmr15@pitt.edu>

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|June 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dengue, a widespread mosquito-borne virus with four serotypes, causes illnesses from mild fever to severe hemorrhagic fever. Global spread and urbanization increase risks, while effective control remains a challenge.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dengue is a significant global health threat, transmitted by mosquitoes and caused by a virus with four serotypes.
  • Disease presentation ranges from mild febrile illness to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever.
  • Factors like population growth, urbanization, and diminished vector control funding contribute to its proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of dengue infection.
  • To detail the virology, epidemiology, clinical aspects, and management of dengue.
  • To highlight the evolving nature and global spread of dengue viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on dengue.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data and disease trends.
  • Synthesis of information on clinical manifestations, treatments, and vaccines.

Main Results:

  • Dengue virus exhibits rapid evolution and global spread, with virulent genotypes emerging.
  • Increased mosquito breeding sites due to urbanization and population growth exacerbate transmission.
  • Challenges in vector control programs impact disease containment efforts.

Conclusions:

  • Dengue remains a critical public health concern due to its widespread nature and evolving viral characteristics.
  • Integrated strategies for vector control, public awareness, and medical management are essential.
  • Ongoing research into treatments and vaccines is crucial for combating dengue.