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Related Concept Videos

Vebe Test01:22

Vebe Test

The Vebe test is a method used to measure the workability of concrete, particularly effective for dry concrete mixes. This test employs a specific apparatus that includes a cylindrical chamber, a standard slump cone, and a transparent disc-shaped rider, all mounted on a vibrating table. The cylindrical chamber has dimensions of nine and a half inches in diameter and eight inches in height.
To conduct the test, concrete is placed into the slump cone. The concrete is filled in layers and...
Strain and Elastic Modulus01:15

Strain and Elastic Modulus

The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...
In Vitro Drug Release Testing: Overview, Development and Validation01:10

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In vitro dissolution and drug release tests assess how quickly and how much of a drug is released from its dosage form into an aqueous medium under standardized laboratory conditions. These tests are essential tools in pharmaceutical development and quality assurance, offering insight into the drug's performance before clinical use.During formulation development, dissolution testing identifies incomplete or inconsistent drug release issues. It also supports decisions on selecting the optimal...
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models I01:13

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Compendial dissolution methods are standardized procedures defined by pharmacopeias to evaluate the rate at which a drug dissolves in a specific medium. These methods ensure batch-to-batch consistency, enable quality control, and support the prediction of drug bioavailability. They are critical for both immediate and modified-release drug products.The apparatuses used for dissolution testing differ in their design and mechanical function, but all aim to simulate the physiological environment of...
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II01:09

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II

Various dissolution methods are utilized to assess a drug’s dissolution rate, including the flow-through cell, paddle-over-disk, cylinder, and reciprocating disk methods.The flow-through cell apparatus (USP (United States Pharmacopeia) method 4) comprises a reservoir for the dissolution medium and a pump that propels the medium through the cell containing the test sample. This method is crucial for assessing modified-release dosage forms with minimally soluble active ingredients, maintaining...

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Updated: May 17, 2026

Biological Preparation and Mechanical Technique for Determining Viscoelastic Properties of Zonular Fibers
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Biological Preparation and Mechanical Technique for Determining Viscoelastic Properties of Zonular Fibers

Published on: December 16, 2021

Viscoelastic Testing for the Laboratorian: Recent Advances and Practical Advice.

Oksana Volod1

  • 1Coagulation and Consultative Services, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Viscoelastic testing is a standard for transfusion management, endorsed by guidelines for surgery and trauma. New systems require validation for accurate clinical use.

Keywords:
GuidelinesHemostasisLaboratory practiceQuantraROTEM sigmaTEG 6s

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical pathology
  • Hemostasis and thrombosis
  • Transfusion medicine

Background:

  • Viscoelastic testing is a standard-of-care for goal-directed transfusion management.
  • Clinical utility is established in cardiothoracic surgery, trauma, liver transplantation, and obstetric hemorrhage.
  • National and international guidelines increasingly endorse viscoelastic testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Provide an overview of recent advances in viscoelastic testing.
  • Offer practical guidance for laboratorians incorporating new viscoelastic technologies.
  • Highlight the need for institution-specific validation of transfusion thresholds with next-generation systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements in viscoelastic testing technologies.
  • Analysis of distinct numerical outputs from next-generation systems compared to established parameters (e.g., TEG 5000, ROTEM delta).
  • Discussion of practical considerations for clinical laboratory integration.

Main Results:

  • Next-generation viscoelastic systems utilize alternative detection technologies.
  • These systems generate distinct numerical outputs for comparable parameters.
  • Institution-specific validation of transfusion thresholds is essential for accurate interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Viscoelastic testing is a crucial tool in transfusion management across various high-acuity settings.
  • Emerging technologies require careful validation and integration into clinical workflows.
  • Laboratorians play a key role in adapting these advancements for optimal patient care.