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Applications of Deep Learning in Endocrine Neoplasms
Siddhi Ramesh1, James M Dolezal1, Alexander T Pearson2
1Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; The University of Chicago Medicine & Biological Sciences, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, USA.
Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|July 29, 2026
Summary
Deep learning (DL) enhances endocrine cancer diagnosis by analyzing histological images. This review covers DL
Area of Science:
- Computational pathology
- Endocrine oncology
- Artificial intelligence in medicine
Background:
- Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are increasingly vital in medical applications.
- DL enables computational analysis of histological samples for disease diagnosis and characterization.
- DL has demonstrated utility in endocrine cancer research, including tumor grading and gene expression prediction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current applications of deep learning (DL) in endocrine cancer histopathology.
- To emphasize experimental design, key findings, and limitations of DL research in this field.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies utilizing deep learning for endocrine cancer histopathology analysis.
- Analysis of experimental designs, reported findings, and identified limitations.
Main Results:
- Deep learning methods show promise in various endocrine cancer histopathology tasks.
- Specific applications include tumor grading and gene expression prediction.
- The review highlights the importance of robust experimental design in DL research.
Conclusions:
- Deep learning is a valuable tool for advancing endocrine cancer histopathology.
- Further research is needed to address current limitations and optimize DL applications.
- Standardized experimental approaches will enhance the reliability and translation of DL findings.
Related Concept Videos
01:45Endocrine Signaling
Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
01:45Endocrine Signaling
Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.