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MicroRNA in human cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases

Jagat R Kanwar1, Ganesh Mahidhara, Rupinder K Kanwar

  • 1Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research, Centre for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Biosciences (BioDeakin), Institute for Technology and Research Innovation , Geelong Technology Precinct, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia. jagat.kanwar@deakin.edu.au

Frontiers in Bioscience (Scholar Edition)
|June 3, 2010
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators implicated in various diseases. Their differential expression offers potential for developing novel diagnostics and therapeutics for conditions like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-translationally.
  • miRNAs play crucial roles in cellular and developmental processes.
  • Specific miRNA expression patterns are associated with distinct tissue types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review differentially expressed miRNAs in human diseases.
  • To explore the role of miRNAs as tumor suppressors and oncogenes.
  • To discuss the prospective development of miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNA expression in diseases.
  • Analysis of miRNA roles in cancer, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases.
  • Synthesis of findings on miRNA deregulation and its implications.

Main Results:

  • Differential miRNA expression is observed across various human diseases, including cancers and neurodegenerative conditions.
  • miRNAs can function as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes, contributing to disease development.
  • Altered miRNA profiles are linked to chronic inflammatory and metabolic diseases.

Conclusions:

  • miRNA deregulation is a significant factor in human disease pathogenesis.
  • miRNAs hold promise as biomarkers for disease diagnosis.
  • Targeting miRNAs presents a potential therapeutic strategy for various human malignancies and other diseases.

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