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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR01:16

Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR

Many organic, inorganic, and biological molecules contain spin-half nuclei such as nitrogen-15, fluorine-19, and phosphorus-31. As a result, NMR studies of these nuclei have found extensive applications in chemical and biological research.
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a high...
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse.
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Instrumentation for Real-time Enzymatic Reaction Rate Measurements by NMR
10:54

Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Instrumentation for Real-time Enzymatic Reaction Rate Measurements by NMR

Published on: February 23, 2016

Dynamic nuclear polarization experiments at 14.1 T for solid-state NMR.

Yoh Matsuki1, Hiroki Takahashi, Keisuke Ueda

  • 1Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|June 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) instrumentation was developed for enhanced nuclear polarization in solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). This system achieved a proton polarization enhancement factor of up to 10 for carbon-13 labeled compounds.

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Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
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Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging

Published on: December 30, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
  • Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy
  • Materials science and engineering

Background:

  • Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) significantly enhances NMR signal sensitivity.
  • High-field DNP requires specialized instrumentation for efficient microwave delivery and sample handling.
  • Previous DNP systems faced limitations in power transmission and sample compatibility at high magnetic fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize instrumentation for high-field (14.1 T) dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP).
  • To enhance nuclear polarization for solid-state NMR applications.
  • To investigate the performance of a new DNP probe and microwave system.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a high-field DNP system operating at 14.1 T.
  • Utilized a gyrotron to generate 394.5 GHz submillimeter waves.
  • Employed a low-temperature DNP-NMR probe with a circular waveguide for microwave transmission.
  • Tested with a 13C-labeled compound and TOTAPOL biradical at 90 K.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a proton polarization enhancement factor of approximately 10.
  • Successfully transmitted 0.5-3 W of submillimeter wave power to the sample.
  • Confirmed DNP enhancement through static magnetic field dependence measurements.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of high-field DNP for solid-state NMR.

Conclusions:

  • The developed instrumentation enables significant nuclear polarization enhancement for solid-state NMR.
  • The system shows promise for improving sensitivity in various solid-state NMR applications.
  • Further improvements for high-field DNP experiments are discussed and warrant future investigation.