Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Goiter01:27

Goiter

Goiter refers to an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that may appear as a diffuse goiter (uniform enlargement) or nodular (single or multiple nodules). Functionally, it is classified as nontoxic (normal/low hormone levels) or toxic (excess hormone production).PathophysiologyDiffuse thyroid enlargement typically results from prolonged stimulation by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or TSH-like agents, commonly seen in hypothyroidism or iodine deficiency. In contrast, in hyperthyroid...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Major adverse cardiovascular events in immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura during clinical remission.

Haematologica·2026
Same author

Natural history of thyroid function in ageing: an individual participant data analysis of 137 488 participants from 31 prospective cohort studies.

The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology·2026
Same author

Sex Differences in Cancer-Associated Thrombosis.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Thrombophilia screening in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a single-center analysis.

Haematologica·2026
Same author

Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and HIV infection: a case report and review of the literature.

Annals of hematology·2026
Same author

Therapeutic plasma exchange-related complications in patients with immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue·2026

Related Experiment Videos

Subclinical thyroid disease in elderly subjects.

Graziano Ceresini1, Simonetta Morganti, Marcello Maggio

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Geriatrics Endocrine Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. ceresini@unipr.it

Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis
|June 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Subclinical thyroid disease (STD), characterized by abnormal TSH with normal thyroid hormones, is increasingly diagnosed, especially in the elderly. Its clinical impact and treatment remain debated, necessitating further research.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Subclinical thyroid disease (STD) is defined by abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with normal free T4 and T3 concentrations.
  • Diagnosis of STD is increasing, particularly in elderly populations.
  • The clinical significance and management of STD are subjects of ongoing debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and clinical consequences of subclinical thyroid disease.
  • To explore the controversial aspects of STD treatment, focusing on age-related considerations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on subclinical thyroid disease prevalence.
  • Analysis of data concerning clinical outcomes associated with STD.
  • Examination of treatment guidelines and controversies in STD management.

Main Results:

  • Subclinical thyroid dysfunction is linked to adverse outcomes including cardiovascular risk, reduced bone density, cognitive decline, and progression to overt thyroid disease.
  • Prevalence of STD is higher in the elderly.
  • There is no established consensus on TSH cutoff values for treatment initiation, especially in older adults.

Conclusions:

  • Subclinical thyroid disease presents potential health risks, particularly in the elderly.
  • The management of STD requires careful consideration due to controversial treatment guidelines and debated clinical impact.