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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Atomization Methods

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) atomizes samples through flame atomization or electrothermal atomization. Flame atomization typically involves a nebulizer and spray chamber assembly to combine the sample with a fuel–oxidant mixture, creating a fine aerosol mist that enters a burner. Typically, the fuel and oxidant are combined in an approximately stoichiometric ratio. However, for atoms that are easily oxidized, a fuel-rich mixture may be more advantageous. Only about 5% of the aerosol...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Additive Manufacturing-Enabled Low-Cost Particle Detector
06:05

Additive Manufacturing-Enabled Low-Cost Particle Detector

Published on: March 24, 2023

Aerosol particle analyzer.

P J Wyatt, K L Schehrer, S D Phillips

    Applied Optics
    |June 5, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel multiangle light scattering instrument classifies single aerosol particles using optical properties. This technology enables rapid, accurate characterization of diverse particle types in real-time.

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    Experimental Protocol to Investigate Particle Aerosolization of a Product Under Abrasion and Under Environmental Weathering
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    Experimental Protocol to Investigate Particle Aerosolization of a Product Under Abrasion and Under Environmental Weathering

    Published on: September 16, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric Science
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Optical Physics

    Background:

    • Accurate characterization of airborne particles is crucial for understanding climate, air quality, and health impacts.
    • Existing methods for single aerosol particle analysis often lack the speed or comprehensive optical data needed for detailed classification.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and validate a new multiangle light scattering instrument for single aerosol particle classification.
    • To demonstrate the instrument's capability in measuring optical observables for diverse particle types.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a multiangle light scattering instrument with sixteen scattering angles.
    • Measurement of optical scattering properties of single aerosol particles in a flowing gas stream.
    • Utilized a spherical chamber for comprehensive angular data collection.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully measured particles ranging from 0.2 to 4.0 micrometers in diameter.
    • Achieved high data acquisition rates exceeding 200 particles per second.
    • Presented data for polystyrene latex spheres, liquid droplets, and irregular particles, showing good agreement with theoretical models for spherical particles.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed instrument provides a powerful tool for real-time, multiangle light scattering analysis of single aerosol particles.
    • The measurement technique and calibration procedure are validated through comparison with theoretical calculations for spherical particles.
    • This instrument facilitates detailed optical characterization essential for aerosol classification and research.