[Diagnostics of volemic disorders in cardiosurgical patients: modern state of the problem]

Volemic disorders are widely encountered in anesthesiology and intensive therapy. Lower cardiac output caused by inadequate preload leads to tissue hypoperfusion, increased frequency of perioperative complications and higher death rates. The objective diagnosis of the volemic status remains a challenge since before as all the indices characterizing the preload, which are currently used in clinical practice, enable the true preload to be estimated only to a certain extent. The paper considers the currently available diagnostic studies for volemic disorders in cardiosurgical patients, their merits, demerits, and possible limitations of their use.