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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Microtubules in Signaling01:22

Microtubules in Signaling

The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation, but...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

In vivo Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance in Mice
06:35

In vivo Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance in Mice

Published on: December 18, 2020

Cilia dysfunction.

David A Gudis1, Noam A Cohen

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Ravdin Building, 5th Floor, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|June 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cilia are vital cellular structures for airway defense, facilitating mucociliary clearance to remove pathogens and debris. Ciliary dysfunction impairs this crucial respiratory defense mechanism.

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

In vivo Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance in Mice
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Cilia are essential cellular structures with diverse functions.
  • In humans, cilia lining the respiratory epithelium are critical for airway defense via mucociliary clearance.
  • Mucociliary clearance removes pathogens, allergens, and toxins from the upper airway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the critical role of cilia in respiratory defense.
  • To highlight the mechanism of mucociliary clearance.
  • To discuss the consequences of ciliary dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on cilia structure and function.
  • Analysis of the role of cilia in respiratory epithelium.
  • Examination of causes and effects of ciliary dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Cilia orchestrate mucociliary clearance, a primary defense mechanism.
  • Ciliary dysfunction, whether primary (genetic) or secondary (environmental/inflammatory), compromises respiratory defense.

Conclusions:

  • Cilia are indispensable for maintaining airway health through effective mucociliary clearance.
  • Understanding ciliary structure and regulation is key to addressing respiratory defense impairments.