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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
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Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
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Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations01:13

Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations

Asthma presents with a characteristic pattern of episodic respiratory symptoms that reflect underlying airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. Although severity varies among individuals, certain clinical manifestations are considered hallmarks of the disorder and often guide diagnosis and assessment.Respiratory SymptomsA persistent cough is one of the most common early features of asthma. It is frequently dry and tends to worsen at night or in the early morning,...
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Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without causing...
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
06:22

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Published on: April 7, 2021

True restrictive ventilatory pattern in asthma.

Thomas Rothe1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine and Pneumology, Zuercher Hoehenklinik Davos, 7272 Davos Clavadel, Switzerland. thomas.rothe@zhd.ch

The Journal of Asthma : Official Journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma
|June 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two asthma patients developed a restrictive ventilatory pattern due to uncontrolled disease. This lung function impairment fully reversed after oral steroid treatment, suggesting mucoid impaction as a cause.

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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
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Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Clinical Case Study

Background:

  • Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction.
  • Prolonged, uncontrolled asthma can lead to significant lung function abnormalities.
  • Restrictive ventilatory patterns are typically associated with interstitial lung diseases, not asthma.

Observation:

  • This case report details two asthma patients who exhibited a true restrictive ventilatory pattern.
  • The restrictive pattern persisted during a prolonged period of uncontrolled asthma.
  • Patients presented with symptoms indicative of severe, poorly managed asthma.

Findings:

  • The restrictive lung function in both patients was fully reversible following a course of oral corticosteroids.
  • Histopathological or imaging evidence suggested mucoid impaction of multiple peripheral bronchioles as the likely cause.
  • Trapped air, initially present, may have been resorbed through the pores of Kohn.

Implications:

  • This suggests that mucoid impaction can cause a reversible restrictive ventilatory defect in severe asthma.
  • Oral steroids are effective in resolving this specific type of asthma-related lung function impairment.
  • Clinicians should consider mucoid impaction when encountering restrictive patterns in uncontrolled asthma patients.