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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

Pleural tuberculosis: an update.

Zarir F Udwadia¹, Tiyas Sen

¹PD Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Veer Savarkar Marg, Mahim, Mumbai, India. zfu@hindujahospital.com

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

|June 10, 2010

Summary

Tuberculous pleurisy, a significant cause of illness globally, presents diagnostic challenges. Newer tests and biomarkers show promise for improving diagnosis and treatment, especially in developing nations.

Area of Science:

Pulmonary Medicine
Infectious Diseases
Diagnostic Microbiology

Background:

Pleural tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of exudative effusions, particularly in developing countries.
Tuberculous pleurisy contributes significantly to global morbidity and mortality.
Diagnostic challenges arise from the low sensitivity of conventional tests for pleural TB.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous pleurisy.
To highlight the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods.
To provide an update on current epidemiology, clinical features, and therapeutic options.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent advances in tuberculous pleurisy.
Analysis of traditional versus newer diagnostic tests and biomarkers.

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

Evaluation of current epidemiological trends and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

Conventional diagnostic tests for pleural TB have limitations and delays.
There is a growing interest in newer, rapid diagnostic tests and biomarkers.
Epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment options for tuberculous pleurisy have evolved.

Conclusions:

Newer immunological tests and scoring systems are expected to transform the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy.
Further research is needed to validate diagnostic tests and identify cost-effective biomarkers for developing countries.
Future efforts should focus on determining specific treatment regimens for tuberculous pleurisy.