Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antimicrobial resistance and genomic analysis of <i>Staphylococcus cohnii</i> isolates from swine in Jilin, China.

Open veterinary journal·2026
Same author

4D Reconstruction of Fetal Left Ventricle from Echocardiography via 2.5D Radial Segmentation and Graph-Fourier Reconstruction.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging·2026
Same author

Port sustainability: Synergistic pathways and perspectives for air pollution control and carbon mitigation.

Journal of environmental sciences (China)·2026
Same author

ASO Visual Abstract: Impact of Muscle Mass Loss on Survival During Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Multi-Center Retrospective Study in China (TIMES Study).

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

Neoadjuvant retlirafusp alfa (anti-PD-L1/TGF-β bifunctional fusion protein) with or without chemotherapy in unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer: updated results from the phase 2 TRAILBLAZER trial.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026
Same author

Long-term prognostic value of <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET/CT versus <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET/CT in locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a prospective study.

Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography
13:26

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Published on: August 11, 2016

Dorsal visual pathway changes in patients with comitant extropia.

Xiaohe Yan1, Xiaoming Lin, Qifeng Wang

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, ZhongShan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.

Plos One
|June 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strabismus, a condition causing eye misalignment, is linked to white matter volume reductions and altered white matter integrity in the brain

More Related Videos

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform
10:12

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Published on: May 23, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography
13:26

Measuring Connectivity in the Primary Visual Pathway in Human Albinism Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography

Published on: August 11, 2016

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform
10:12

Three Dimensional Vestibular Ocular Reflex Testing Using a Six Degrees of Freedom Motion Platform

Published on: May 23, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Strabismus involves eye misalignment, potentially impairing stereopsis.
  • The impact of strabismus on brain white matter structures remains unclear.
  • Comitant exotropia is a specific type of strabismus requiring investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate white matter structural impairments in comitant exotropia patients.
  • To utilize combined T1-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for analysis.
  • To explore the relationship between strabismus and brain white matter abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 13 comitant exotropia patients and 12 controls for MRI.
  • Employed optimized voxel-based morphology (VBM) on T1-weighted images to assess white matter volume.
  • Utilized voxel-based analysis of DTI to examine white matter fiber integrity.

Main Results:

  • VBM revealed smaller white matter volumes in multiple brain regions, including the occipital lobe, cingulate gyrus, and temporal gyrus in patients.
  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the right middle occipital gyrus and right supramarginal gyrus.
  • Increased FA was observed in the right inferior frontal gyrus of strabismus patients.

Conclusions:

  • Combined VBM and DTI analyses suggest dorsal visual pathway abnormalities in comitant exotropia.
  • Findings indicate structural white matter impairments associated with strabismus.
  • The study highlights the utility of advanced neuroimaging in understanding strabismus-related brain changes.