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Heterologous immunity between viruses.

Raymond M Welsh1, Jenny W Che, Michael A Brehm

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. raymond.welsh@umassmed.edu

Immunological Reviews
|June 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immune memory from prior infections can change how the body fights new ones, a process called heterologous immunity. This impacts disease severity and vaccine design.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Immune memory responses to pathogens can influence subsequent infections with unrelated pathogens.
  • This phenomenon, known as heterologous immunity, can result in altered protective immunity and immunopathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss T-cell cross-reactivity and its role in heterologous immunity.
  • To examine the impact of heterologous immunity on viral infections in mice and humans.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of T-cell cross-reactivity and epitope matrices.
  • Examination of heterologous immunity parameters during viral infections in experimental models and human subjects.

Main Results:

  • Heterologous immunity can disrupt T-cell memory, alter T-cell repertoire complexity, and change immunodominance patterns.
  • It can lead to viral epitope-escape variants, modified pathogenesis, and varied disease outcomes due to individual T-cell repertoires.
  • Demonstrated impact on viral infections in both mice and humans.

Conclusions:

  • Heterologous immunity is a significant factor in human viral infection resistance and disease variation.
  • Consideration of heterologous immunity is crucial for effective vaccine design.