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Related Concept Videos

Understanding Self-Concept01:20

Understanding Self-Concept

The self-concept encompasses individuals' beliefs about themselves, structured through cognitive frameworks known as self-schemas. These schemas function as mental representations of specific traits or behaviors, influencing how self-relevant information is perceived, processed, and remembered. For example, individuals who are schematic for body weight are more likely to interpret routine experiences—such as dining out or shopping—through the lens of that trait. Conversely, those aschematic for...
Understanding the Self01:28

Understanding the Self

The self is a central aspect of human identity, encompassing an individual’s beliefs, emotions, perceptions, and experiences. It is a cognitive and psychological construct that enables individuals to interpret their traits and behaviors, influencing how they perceive themselves and interact with the world. While personality consists of stable and enduring characteristics, the self is shaped by self-perception and social experiences. This distinction highlights the dynamic nature of the self,...
Self-Concept01:19

Self-Concept

Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
Infancy and Emerging Recognition
During infancy, self-concept is virtually nonexistent. Babies do not distinguish themselves as separate entities and often mistake their...
Self-Schemas02:16

Self-Schemas

In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication01:30

Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication

Since the early 2000s, computer-mediated communication (CMC) has grown rapidly, playing a crucial role in self-development. A key distinction between CMC and real-life interactions is the lack of a physically present partner. This absence makes non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and paralinguistic signals unavailable in CMC platforms like email, instant messaging, or social media. The lack of these cues can create ambiguity and complicate how feedback is interpreted.The...

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Related Experiment Video

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Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
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The multiple self-aspects framework: self-concept representation and its implications.

Allen R McConnell1

  • 1Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA. mcconnar@muohio.edu

Personality and Social Psychology Review : an Official Journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc
|June 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The multiple self-aspects framework (MSF) explains the self-concept as multiple, context-dependent selves. It details how context influences self-knowledge, feedback, and experiences, integrating diverse psychological research areas.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • The self-concept is traditionally viewed as a unified entity.
  • Previous research often overlooks the dynamic and context-specific nature of self-knowledge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and elaborate on the multiple self-aspects framework (MSF).
  • To propose principles governing context-dependent self-knowledge activation and its effects.
  • To generate novel predictions regarding self-perception and affect.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual framework development.
  • Integration of existing research from diverse psychological subdisciplines.
  • Theoretical exploration of self-concept representation.

Main Results:

  • Five core principles of the MSF are derived, explaining context-specific self-knowledge activation.
  • The MSF predicts how active self-aspects filter experiences and modulate affect.
  • Evidence supporting the MSF principles is discussed, highlighting its explanatory power.

Conclusions:

  • The MSF offers a dynamic and nuanced understanding of the self-concept.
  • It integrates disparate research areas, including self-regulation and individual differences.
  • The framework provides valuable conceptual and methodological insights for studying the self across various psychological domains.