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Related Concept Videos

Morphogenesis02:19

Morphogenesis

Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...
Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...

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Migratory Behavior of Cells Generated in Ganglionic Eminence Cultures
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Published on: April 21, 2011

Patterning the cerebral cortex: traveling with morphogens.

Ugo Borello1, Alessandra Pierani

  • 1CNRS-UMR 7592, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris Diderot, Program of Development and Neurobiology, 15 rue Hélène Brion, Paris Cedex 13, France.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|June 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The developing mammalian neocortex expands through coordinated growth and patterning. Signaling cell migration offers a novel mechanism for long-range patterning in the brain.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The neocortex, a key brain structure, has significantly expanded during mammalian evolution.
  • Formation of the complex neocortical architecture requires precise coordination of progenitor proliferation, neurogenesis, cell-type generation, and migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent molecular mechanisms involved in coordinating growth and spatial patterning of the developing cerebral cortex.
  • To explore alternative strategies for long-range patterning in large developing brain structures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on neocortical development.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms coordinating growth and spatial patterning.
  • Integration of temporal, spatial, and signaling level parameters.

Main Results:

  • Signaling cell/structure migration plays a crucial role in coordinating neocortical growth and patterning.
  • This migratory mechanism offers an alternative to passive morphogen diffusion for long-range patterning.

Conclusions:

  • Coordinated migration of signaling cells/structures is a key strategy for neocortical development.
  • Integrating temporal, spatial, and signaling parameters may represent a general mechanism for patterning large biological structures.