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Related Concept Videos

Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte02:33

Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte

Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.
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The Angiosperm Life Cycle

Plants have a life cycle split between two multicellular stages: a haploid stage—with cells containing one set of chromosomes—and a diploid stage—with cells containing two sets of chromosomes. The haploid stage is the gamete-producing gametophyte, and the diploid stage is the spore-producing sporophyte.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula
07:32

Protocols for Obtaining Zygotic and Somatic Embryos for Studying the Regulation of Early Embryo Development in the Model Legume Medicago truncatula

Published on: June 9, 2015

Starch turnover in developing oilseed embryos.

Vasilios M E Andriotis1, Marilyn J Pike, Baldeep Kular

  • 1Department of Metabolic Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.

The New Phytologist
|June 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Starch accumulation and turnover in developing embryos are complex, involving specific enzymes like glucan, water dikinase and beta-amylase. This process is linked to cell division and differentiation, not storage.

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

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Preparation of Intact Tissue for Microscopic Analysis of the Endosperm Cell Layer in Developing and Mature Arabidopsis Seeds

Published on: May 16, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Starch accumulates early in Arabidopsis and oilseed rape embryo development, disappearing during oil accumulation.
  • The role and nature of starch metabolism in oilseed embryos remain poorly understood.
  • Existing knowledge primarily focuses on leaf starch metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of starch turnover in developing plant embryos.
  • To identify key enzymes involved in embryo starch metabolism.
  • To elucidate the functional significance of starch turnover during embryogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Histochemical and quantitative analyses of starch in wild-type and mutant Arabidopsis embryos.
  • Utilizing mutants deficient in starch synthesis/degradation enzymes (e.g., sex1, bam mutants).
  • In vivo feeding experiments with [(14)C]sucrose in oilseed rape embryos.

Main Results:

  • Starch accumulation in embryos is spatially and temporally complex, correlating with cell division zones.
  • Glucan, water dikinase (GWD) and beta-amylase (BAM) isoforms play crucial roles in embryo starch turnover.
  • Starch synthesis occurs continuously during its accumulation and loss in oilseed rape embryos.

Conclusions:

  • Embryo starch turnover is functionally linked to cell division and differentiation processes.
  • The metabolic pathways for starch in embryos share similarities with those in Arabidopsis leaves.
  • Starch metabolism in embryos serves developmental roles rather than specific storage functions.