Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
Published on: December 20, 2024
Bond strength and nanoroughness assessment on human pretreated cementum surfaces
M Toledano1, E Osorio, F S Aguilera
1Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Avda Fuerzas Armadas 1, 1B, 18014 Granada, Spain. toledano@ugr.es
Objectives:
To determine the bond strength of seven adhesive systems to human cementum, and to assess the promoted surface roughness.
Methods:
Extracted human canines were used for the present study. The mesial surface from the cervical third of the roots were ground flat with wet 600-grit silicon carbide paper and bonded. Seven adhesive systems were employed: an etch-and-rinse adhesive (Single Bond), two two-step self-etching (Clearfil SE Bond and Resulcin Aquaprime) and four one-step self-etching (One-up Bond F, Prompt-L-Pop, Etch and Prime 3.0 and NRC+Prime&Bond NT). Composite build-ups were constructed and stored in a humid environment for 24h at 37 degrees C. Specimens were sectioned into 1mm(2) beams and tested for microtensile bond strength (MTBS). Additional surfaces were conditioned for atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. Results were analyzed with ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (P<0.05).
Results:
Single Bond showed the highest MTBS values. No differences were found between Resulcin Aquaprime, One-up Bond and Prompt-L-Pop. Clearfil SE Bond, Etch and Prime and NRC+Prime&Bond NT obtained the lowest bond strength values. H(3)PO(4) acid treatment of cementum and Resulcin Aquaprime showed the highest nanoroughness parameters and One-up Bond the lowest.
Conclusion:
The etch-and-rinse adhesive and the two-step self-etching adhesive with the lowest pH value promoted the highest bond strength to human cementum surfaces.
Related Concept Videos
Strength of Cement
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in ASTM C...
Bonding and Strength of Aggregate
Fineness of Cement
Direct...
Porosity in Cement Paste
The balance of water to cement in the mix is critical—it...
Mortar Properties