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Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Pigmentation

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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes
09:38

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes

Published on: August 27, 2021

[Vitiligo. What is new?].

K U Schallreuter1, M M A E L Salem

  • 1Institut für Pigmentationsstörungen e.V. in Assoziation mit Biotechnikum, Ernst Moritz Arndt-Universität Greifswald, Biotechnikum, W Rahenaustr.46a, 17489, Greifswald, Deutschland. k.schallreuter@bradford.ac.uk

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|June 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitiligo patients accumulate oxidative stress agents like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxynitrite, causing protein damage and DNA alterations. Novel treatments focus on reducing oxidative stress and utilizing climatotherapy.

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Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation
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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes
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Published on: August 27, 2021

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation
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Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Context:

  • Vitiligo affects 1 in 200 people in Northern Europe, causing significant psychological distress.
  • Patients exhibit elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxynitrite in the epidermis.
  • Oxidative stress leads to protein oxidation/nitration and DNA damage in skin and plasma.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the role of oxidative stress in vitiligo pathogenesis.
  • To explore the association between DNA repair mechanisms, p53 protein, and potential autoimmune reactions.
  • To review current and novel treatment strategies for vitiligo.

Summary:

  • Vitiligo is linked to massive accumulation of H2O2 and peroxynitrite, resulting in damaged proteins and DNA.
  • While apoptosis is not increased, DNA repair is induced, associated with p53 protein activity.
  • Autoimmune reactions are considered in the context of oxidative stress and genetic predisposition.

Impact:

  • Understanding oxidative stress mechanisms in vitiligo is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
  • Novel treatments involving oxidative stress reduction and climatotherapy show promise.
  • This research provides insights into the complex interplay of genetic, autoimmune, and environmental factors in vitiligo.