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Related Concept Videos

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
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Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular cells,...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
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Published on: January 19, 2024

Q10-triggered facial vitiligo.

K U Schallreuter1

  • 1Institute for Pigmentary Disorders in Association with EM Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany; Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, U.K.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Topical application of Coenzyme Q10 (Q10) can trigger facial vitiligo in susceptible individuals by generating hydrogen peroxide. Treatment with PC-KUS and narrowband UVB halted depigmentation and restored skin color.

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Stimulation of Stem Cell Niches and Tissue Regeneration in Mouse Skin by Switchable Protoporphyrin IX-Dependent Photogeneration of Reactive Oxygen Species In Situ
10:05

Stimulation of Stem Cell Niches and Tissue Regeneration in Mouse Skin by Switchable Protoporphyrin IX-Dependent Photogeneration of Reactive Oxygen Species In Situ

Published on: May 8, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Biochemistry
  • Oxidative Stress Research

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen/nitrogen species accumulate in vitiligo patient epidermis.
  • Blood lymphocytes in vitiligo patients show sensitivity to semiquinone radicals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of Coenzyme Q10 (Q10)-induced facial vitiligo.
  • Investigate the role of oxidative stress in Q10-induced depigmentation.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical assessment of facial vitiligo.
  • In vivo Fourier transform-Raman spectroscopy for epidermal analysis.
  • Monitoring repigmentation following treatment.

Main Results:

  • Topical Q10 application generates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the epidermis.
  • Epidermal H2O2 reduction using PC-KUS and narrowband UVB halted depigmentation.
  • Cessation of depigmentation was followed by repigmentation.

Conclusions:

  • Topical Coenzyme Q10 formulations can induce facial vitiligo in susceptible individuals.
  • Over-the-counter availability of Q10 poses a risk for those prone to vitiligo.