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Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which child was...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.

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A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision
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Published on: February 11, 2014

[Artificial vision for the human blind].

Luis Octavio Ortigoza-Ayala1, Leopoldo Ruiz-Huerta, Alberto Caballero-Ruiz

  • 1Grupo de Micromecánica y Mecatrónica, Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México. tavounam@hotmail.com

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social
|June 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a non-invasive visual sensory substitution prosthesis using a vibrotactile system. This device aims to help blind individuals perceive visual information through touch, overcoming limitations of current visual prostheses.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Substitution

Background:

  • Traditional visual prostheses using electrical stimulation face challenges in reconstructing retinotopic maps and have biomaterial limitations.
  • Surgical implantation of current devices carries significant risks, outweighing potential benefits for patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the experimental design and psychophysical data for a novel visual sensory substitution prosthesis.
  • To develop a non-invasive alternative for visual information acquisition by leveraging intermodal perception.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a vibrotactile system to create a point-by-point matrix of tactile stimuli on the epidermis.
  • Employing a logical sequence of rows and columns to construct a visual image representation.
  • Developing an external device that does not require invasive surgical procedures.

Main Results:

  • The vibrotactile mechanism successfully reproduces a matrix order, enabling image construction.
  • Psychophysical data supports the feasibility of the sensory substitution approach.
  • The system demonstrates potential for creating a coherent visual perception through tactile feedback.

Conclusions:

  • The developed vibrotactile visual sensory substitution prosthesis offers a promising non-invasive solution for the blind.
  • This approach bypasses the limitations of invasive electrical stimulation methods.
  • Further research and development could lead to improved visual rehabilitation for individuals with blindness.