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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature from...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
Thermometers and Temperature Scales01:22

Thermometers and Temperature Scales

Any physical property that depends consistently and reproducibly on temperature can be used as the basis of a thermometer. For example, volume increases with temperature for most substances. This property is the basis for the common alcohol thermometer and the original mercury thermometers. Other properties used to measure temperature include electrical resistance, color, and the emission of infrared radiation.
As many physical properties depend on temperature, the variety of thermometers is...
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

A Silicon-tipped Fiber-optic Sensing Platform with High Resolution and Fast Response
09:03

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Published on: January 7, 2019

Atmospheric temperature sensing with a multiorder Fabry-Perot interferometer.

J Wang, S R Drayson, P B Hayes

    Applied Optics
    |June 18, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a high-resolution multiorder Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) for atmospheric temperature sounding. Matching the FPI

    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric remote sensing
    • Optical physics
    • Infrared spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) exhibit periodic responses crucial for spectral analysis.
    • Accurate atmospheric temperature profiles are vital for climate monitoring and weather forecasting.
    • CO(2) absorption bands in the infrared spectrum provide key information for atmospheric sounding.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a high-resolution multiorder Fabry-Perot interferometer for enhanced atmospheric temperature sounding.
    • To leverage CO(2) spectral features for improved vertical resolution in temperature measurements.
    • To explore the feasibility of using the 15-microm and 4.3-microm CO(2) bands for this purpose.

    Main Methods:

    • Calculating suitable spectral positions within CO(2) bands for atmospheric sounding.

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  • Matching the free spectral range (FSR) of the Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) to the CO(2) spectrum's periodicity.
  • Determining optimal FPI finesse and weighting functions for atmospheric temperature retrieval.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieving an effective spectral resolution of 0.02 cm(-1) with a FPI finesse of approximately 100.
    • Demonstrating considerable advantages in throughput and spectral resolution compared to existing methods.
    • Identifying specific spectral positions and FSRs for effective CO(2) sounding.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed multiorder Fabry-Perot interferometer offers significant improvements in vertical resolution for atmospheric temperature sounders.
    • The design utilizes state-of-the-art infrared technology, making it practically achievable.
    • This approach enhances the capability for precise atmospheric temperature profiling using CO(2) spectral features.