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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Untargeted Metabolomics from Biological Sources Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS)
Published on: May 20, 2013
[Application of turbulent flow chromatography in the analysis of biological samples]
Peng Liu1, Jianliang Zhou, Jingjing An
1Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Abstract:
The complexity of biological fluids makes the sample preparation necessary in the analytical process. The traditional techniques, such as liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction, are time-consuming and labor-intensive. Turbulent flow chromatography (TFC), as an on-line direct injection technique, possesses the advantages of reducing sample preparation steps and enabling the effective pre-concentration and clean-up of biological fluids. Therefore, it is a high-throughput and high-selectivity technique for biological sample pretreatment. In this review, the theory, advantages, characteristics and current status of TFC in bioanalysis are introduced and summarized.
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