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Updated: Jun 12, 2026
Heterogeneity Mapping of Protein Expression in Tumors using Quantitative Immunofluorescence
Published on: October 25, 2011
Micro-anatomical variation in cellular proliferation in endometrial adenocarcinoma, and inverse correlation between
Colin J R Stewart1, Maxine L Crook, Dorota A Doherty
1Department of Histopathology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. colin.stewart@health.wa.gov.au
Aims:
To investigate micro-anatomical variations in proliferative activity within uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma with particular emphasis on tumour areas comprising microcystic, elongated and fragmented ('MELF') glands.
Methods And Results:
Ki67 immunoreactivity was assessed in 29 low-grade endometrial adenocarcinomas specifically comparing conventional tumour glands and areas exhibiting MELF-type alteration. Furthermore, since Ki67 expression differed between the peripheral and central aspects of larger neoplastic glands, these micro-anatomical compartments were assessed separately using a semiquantitative scoring system. Most MELF-type tumour elements were negative for Ki67 or showed only rare (< 5% cells) positivity. In contrast, peripheral conventional tumour glands showed prominent Ki67 labelling, but this was significantly reduced in central glandular areas. An inverse correlation between Ki67 and cytokeratin (CK) 7 expression was noted in many tumours.
Conclusions:
Endometrial adenocarcinomas show micro-anatomical variations in Ki67 expression and this is often inversely correlated with CK7 immunoreactivity. MELF-type tumour elements show minimal proliferative activity, a finding that initially appears unexpected for areas of purported active invasion. However, an inverse correlation between cell division and local invasion has been demonstrated in other malignancies, notably during epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and this may reflect a reversible alteration in cellular activity during neoplastic progression.
