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Related Concept Videos

Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...

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Reverse Genetics Mediated Recovery of Infectious Murine Norovirus
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Black currant reversion virus, a mite-transmitted nepovirus.

Petri Susi1

  • 1Joint Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6 A, 20520 Turku, Finland.

Molecular Plant Pathology
|June 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Black currant reversion virus (BRV), a mite-transmitted Nepovirus, causes economically significant black currant reversion disease (BRD). This study details its taxonomy, physical properties, and host range, crucial for managing this widespread plant pathogen.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Virology
  • Entomology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Black currant reversion virus (BRV) is a significant pathogen affecting Ribes species.
  • It is the first identified mite-transmitted member of the genus Nepovirus.
  • BRV causes economically important black currant reversion disease (BRD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically compare BRV isolates from different geographical locations.
  • To characterize the physical properties and host range of BRV.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of BRV and BRD for disease management.

Main Methods:

  • Virus isolation and purification.
  • Electron microscopy for capsid structure determination.
  • Host range studies including natural and experimental infections.
  • Transmission studies using the eriophyid gall mite (Cecidophyopsis ribis).

Main Results:

  • BRV particles are 27 nm in diameter with an icosahedral structure.
  • Purified preparations contain two main centrifugal components (B and M) and sometimes a satellite RNA (T component).
  • The virus has a limited natural host range primarily infecting black currant and related Ribes species, but can be experimentally transmitted to herbaceous plants.

Conclusions:

  • BRV is a widespread and economically significant virus disease in cultivated black currants.
  • Understanding BRV's properties and transmission is vital for effective disease control strategies.
  • Further research on geographical isolates may reveal variations impacting disease management.