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Effects of μCT radiation on tissue engineered bone-like constructs.

Thomas P Kraehenbuehl¹, Martin Stauber, Martin Ehrbar

¹Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical Engineering

|June 24, 2010

Summary

Micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging of engineered bone can impact cell survival and function. Even low X-ray doses (1.9 Gy) used for imaging may cause irreparable cellular damage, affecting research outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Cell Biology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Micro-computed tomography (μCT) is a non-destructive imaging technique for monitoring tissue-engineered bone constructs in situ.
The impact of μCT's X-ray dose on bone development and experimental results is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a model system for assessing the in vitro effects of μCT imaging on engineered bone.
To evaluate the impact of μCT irradiation doses on pre-osteoblastic cell survival and function.

Main Methods:

Used pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells embedded in 3D collagen type I matrices as a model system.
Exposed cells to μCT imaging doses of 1.9 Gy and 7.6 Gy.
Assessed cell survival at 2 hours and 2 days post-irradiation.

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Measured alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 2 and 7 days post-irradiation.

Main Results:

No significant reduction in cell survival was observed 2 hours after 1.9 Gy irradiation.
Cell survival significantly decreased by 15% at 24 hours post-1.9 Gy irradiation.
A dose of 7.6 Gy reduced cell survival by approximately 40% at 2 days.
Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly decreased 7 days after 1.9 Gy irradiation.

Conclusions:

μCT imaging, even at low doses (1.9 Gy) necessary for adequate image quality, can induce significant, potentially irreparable, cellular damage.
The findings suggest that μCT irradiation may influence the development of tissue-engineered bone constructs.
Further research is needed to optimize μCT protocols to minimize biological effects in regenerative medicine applications.