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Obesity01:24

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance
09:48

Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance

Published on: February 17, 2023

Insulin-sensitive obesity.

Nora Klöting1, Mathias Fasshauer, Arne Dietrich

  • 1Department of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, University of Leipzig, Germany.

American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
|June 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insulin resistance in obesity is linked to increased visceral fat and adipose tissue inflammation. Insulin sensitivity is preserved by lower macrophage infiltration and higher adiponectin levels, independent of overall body fat.

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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)

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Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance
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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
08:13

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)

Published on: January 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Obesity Research
  • Adipose Tissue Biology

Background:

  • Obesity is strongly associated with impaired insulin sensitivity.
  • However, some obese individuals maintain insulin sensitivity, suggesting protective mechanisms.
  • Differences in adipose tissue biology may explain this variation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate adipose tissue differences between insulin-sensitive (IS) and insulin-resistant (IR) obese individuals.
  • To identify key biological factors differentiating IS and IR obesity.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty morbidly obese individuals (BMI 45 kg/m²) were classified as IS or IR using hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps.
  • Measurements included fat distribution, circulating adipokines, inflammation markers, and adipose tissue morphology/function.
  • Abdominal subcutaneous and omental fat mRNA expression was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Insulin-sensitive obese individuals had significantly lower visceral fat area and omental adipocyte size compared to IR individuals.
  • IS individuals exhibited reduced macrophage infiltration in omental adipose tissue.
  • Lower circulating levels of C-reactive protein, progranulin, chemerin, and retinol-binding protein-4, and higher adiponectin were observed in IS individuals.
  • Macrophage infiltration and circulating adiponectin were the strongest predictors of insulin sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • Increased visceral fat accumulation and adipose tissue dysfunction, characterized by inflammation and altered adipokine profiles, are associated with insulin resistance in obesity.
  • These findings highlight the role of inflammation and adipokine dysregulation beyond total body fat mass in metabolic consequences of obesity.
  • Targeting adipose tissue inflammation and adipokine balance may offer therapeutic strategies for insulin resistance in obesity.