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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

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Microsurgical Creation of Giant Bifurcation Aneurysms in Rabbits for the Evaluation of Endovascular Devices
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Published on: September 8, 2023

Giant left ventricular pseudoaneurysm.

Sumi Prakash1, Nadish Garg, Gong-Yuan Xie

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital and Clinics, Columbia, MO 65212, USA. prakashsu@health.missouri.edu

Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography
|June 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (PS) is a rare, fatal complication. This case highlights multimodality imaging for diagnosing PS in a patient with prosthetic valve endocarditis and heart failure.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Infective Endocarditis

Background:

  • Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (PS) is a rare but often fatal complication.
  • It is associated with myocardial infarction, surgery, trauma, and infective endocarditis.
  • Prosthetic valve endocarditis can present with unusual complications.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old man with a bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement presented with heart failure and bacteremia.
  • Echocardiography revealed prosthetic valve dysfunction, vegetations, mitral regurgitation, and a probable PS.
  • CT confirmed a PS communicating with the left ventricle.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced pulseless electrical activity and died.
  • Autopsy revealed a giant PS with thrombus and a pseudo-endothelialized cavity.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the critical role of multimodality imaging in the diagnosis and management of left ventricular pseudoaneurysms.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is vital for potentially improving patient outcomes in these rare but severe conditions.