Autoantibodies to double-stranded DNA--intermethod comparison between four commercial immunoassays and a research...

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Clinical Chemistry
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Antibodies to double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) are key serological markers for diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
• Accurate detection of anti-dsDNA is crucial for SLE diagnosis and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of four commercial anti-dsDNA immunoassays.
• To assess a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for anti-dsDNA detection.
• To compare these methods, particularly in SLE patients with lupus nephritis.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of anti-dsDNA measurements in 50 SLE patients, 39 with other autoimmune diseases, and 20 healthy controls.
• Utilized Receiver-Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine diagnostic accuracies (Area Under the Curve - AUC, Diagnostic Efficiency - DE).
• Compared four commercial immunoassays (Bindazyme, ELiA, Farrzyme, Farr) against an in-house SPR biosensor.

Main Results:

• All tested immunoassays demonstrated satisfactory overall diagnostic accuracy for anti-dsDNA detection.
• Bindazyme assay yielded the highest AUC (0.89) and DE (0.88).
• For lupus nephritis patients, Bindazyme (AUC 0.98) and ELiA (AUC 0.95) showed superior performance; SPR biosensor also performed well (AUC 0.93).

Conclusions:

• Commercial immunoassays provide reliable anti-dsDNA detection for SLE diagnosis.
• The Bindazyme assay exhibited the best diagnostic performance among the evaluated methods.
• The SPR biosensor shows promise as a complementary technique for real-time monitoring of antigen/antibody interactions in SLE.