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Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

Conscious processing and the process goal paradox.

Richard Mullen1, Lew Hardy

  • 1Division of Psychology, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, United Kingdom.

Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology
|July 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skilled athletes under pressure perform better with holistic process goals. Focusing on the whole movement, rather than parts, enhances performance and reduces anxiety effects in motor tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Sport Psychology
  • Motor Skill Acquisition
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • The process goal paradox highlights conflicting findings in goal-setting research.
  • Conscious processing theories suggest focusing on specific movement parts can impair performance.
  • Skilled performers often experience anxiety under competitive pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effectiveness of holistic versus part-oriented process goals for skilled athletes under pressure.
  • To examine the impact of different process goals on performance and cognitive state anxiety.
  • To test predictions derived from the conscious processing hypothesis.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted involving skilled participants performing motor tasks.
  • Participants were assigned to either holistic or part-oriented process goal conditions.
  • Performance and cognitive state anxiety were measured under baseline and test (pressure) conditions.

Main Results:

  • Skilled athletes using holistic process goals outperformed those using part-oriented goals.
  • Cognitive state anxiety increased in all test conditions.
  • Evidence supporting performance impairment from part process goals was not conclusive.

Conclusions:

  • Holistic process goals focusing on global movement aspects are more effective for skilled athletes under competitive pressure.
  • Attentional focus strategy significantly impacts performance in high-pressure motor skill execution.
  • The findings offer practical implications for coaching and athlete training.